Suredis Cities

Suredis CitiesSuredis CitiesSuredis Cities

Suredis Cities

Suredis CitiesSuredis CitiesSuredis Cities
  • Home
  • Perspectives
    • Overview
    • The city / town of 2050
    • Designing for time
    • The Smart City
    • Climate Initiatives
    • Urban Disaster Threats
    • Urban System Initiatives
    • Multinational Initiatives
    • Urban information sources
    • What to learn from Japan
  • Urban 2.0
    • Aspects & the System
    • An Urban Charter
    • Governance
    • Innovation
    • The Urban 2.0 app concept
    • Urban 2.0 Tools
    • Urban 2.0 ecology
    • Urban 2.0 infrastructure
    • Urban 2.0 structures
    • Urban 2.0 & citizens
    • Urban 2.0 socio-economics
  • Collaboration
    • Interviews & Perspectives
    • Urban News
    • Improved Learning
    • How to Play your Part
    • How to Pay for it All
    • General Tools & Support
    • A Cities & Towns Playlist
    • Contact
  • Cities & Towns
    • Africa
    • Americas
    • Asia
    • Europe
    • Oceania
  • More
    • Home
    • Perspectives
      • Overview
      • The city / town of 2050
      • Designing for time
      • The Smart City
      • Climate Initiatives
      • Urban Disaster Threats
      • Urban System Initiatives
      • Multinational Initiatives
      • Urban information sources
      • What to learn from Japan
    • Urban 2.0
      • Aspects & the System
      • An Urban Charter
      • Governance
      • Innovation
      • The Urban 2.0 app concept
      • Urban 2.0 Tools
      • Urban 2.0 ecology
      • Urban 2.0 infrastructure
      • Urban 2.0 structures
      • Urban 2.0 & citizens
      • Urban 2.0 socio-economics
    • Collaboration
      • Interviews & Perspectives
      • Urban News
      • Improved Learning
      • How to Play your Part
      • How to Pay for it All
      • General Tools & Support
      • A Cities & Towns Playlist
      • Contact
    • Cities & Towns
      • Africa
      • Americas
      • Asia
      • Europe
      • Oceania
  • Sign In
  • Create Account

  • My Account
  • Signed in as:

  • filler@godaddy.com


  • My Account
  • Sign out

Signed in as:

filler@godaddy.com

  • Home
  • Perspectives
    • Overview
    • The city / town of 2050
    • Designing for time
    • The Smart City
    • Climate Initiatives
    • Urban Disaster Threats
    • Urban System Initiatives
    • Multinational Initiatives
    • Urban information sources
    • What to learn from Japan
  • Urban 2.0
    • Aspects & the System
    • An Urban Charter
    • Governance
    • Innovation
    • The Urban 2.0 app concept
    • Urban 2.0 Tools
    • Urban 2.0 ecology
    • Urban 2.0 infrastructure
    • Urban 2.0 structures
    • Urban 2.0 & citizens
    • Urban 2.0 socio-economics
  • Collaboration
    • Interviews & Perspectives
    • Urban News
    • Improved Learning
    • How to Play your Part
    • How to Pay for it All
    • General Tools & Support
    • A Cities & Towns Playlist
    • Contact
  • Cities & Towns
    • Africa
    • Americas
    • Asia
    • Europe
    • Oceania

Account


  • My Account
  • Sign out


  • Sign In
  • My Account

Cities & towns in Asia

This section provides varied information on aspects of the urban system for (currently) 62 cities and towns across Asia - its Central, Eastern, South-eastern, Southern and Western regional areas (the latter incorporating the Middle East) - including a few that are part of the SIDS network. The profiles of some cities contain more information than others due to the availability of published information online. The range of information provided for each city / town varies (from the likes of local government teams, researchers, think tanks and newspapers) and it may change over time. Whilst every effort is made to ensure all links are active, source links may change (please let us know if you do find any links that do not work).


Statistics about urbanisation across Asia are available from various sources, including Statista.

The overall region contains a wide range of extremely diverse and interesting geographies, and it is forecast to be where much of the world's urban growth and development will take place in the next few decades. This urbanisation provides opportunities and also challenges - this piece from Nov 2019 by the WEF and this piece by The Guardian provide just two examples. The Singapore government provides a useful general source of information, Eye on Asia.


Cities and towns in Central Asia are working out how to responsibly move forwards. In Eastern and South-east Asia very large urban hubs and smaller hubs are on a journey to become more sustainable. Urban places in Southern Asia are exposed to many vulnerabilities. In Western Asia, the socio-economics of cities and towns are linked to how the nation states can and will evolve (ranging from the oil and gas rich Gulf States to much poorer states such as Palestine).


Fast links:

1. Central Asia

2. Eastern Asia

3. South-eastern Asia

4. Southern Asia

5. Western Asia


Note: This section includes images of cities and towns to provide a small snapshot of what they look like. These images are either from the website owner or they have been sourced from free-to-use image sites. If you see an image that could / should be replaced, please contact the website owner.

Central Asia

Kabul (Afghanistan)

Kabul - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - 

Air pollution (Hindustan Times 2023)

Climate change in Afghanistan (Chatham House 2022)

The physical system - influences of culture in the built environment (MDPI 2020)

The socio-economic system - 

Socio-economic indicators (EUAA 2022)

Afghanistan socio-economic outlook 

(UNDP 2023)

Yerevan (Armenia)

Yerevan - Wikipedia overview

An interview with UNDP

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - Yerevan Green City Action Plan

Yerevan park projects

Efforts to improve Environmental practices (Armenian Weekly 2022)

The physical system - energy efficiency in building retrofits (UNDP/GCF 2020)

residential buildings and green design (IOP Science 2021)

The socio-economic system - Waste management actions (EVN 2021)

Using the Doughnut mindset (UNDP 2022)

Tashkent (Uzbekistan)

Tashkent (Uzbekistan)

Tashkent - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system -  Environmental challenges (the IFC)

The physical system - giving an ancient city a modern heart (Arup)

car emissions in Tashkent (KUN 2022)

Monitoring Green zones (IOP 2020)

The socio-economic system - 

Economics overview (Eye on Asia)

Economics overview (Uz Daily 2023)

Eastern Asia

Beijing (China)

Beijing (China)

Beijing (China)

Beijing - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

Ancient urban planning (The Guardian 2016)

The ecological system - 

The physical system - 

High-resolution mapping of the Beijing urban environment (ACS 2020)

Changing life in hutongs (The Guardian 2019)

The socio-economic system - reviving the street stall economy (SCMP 2023)

reviving the street stall economy (or not) (CNN 2023)

Industry, economics and policy (China Briefing 2022)

The Beijing City Lab

Chengdu (China)

Beijing (China)

Beijing (China)

Chengdu - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - building with nature (UNEP 2021)

Is the Green Belt surviving? (RFA 2023)

The physical system - Can China's mega version of the Garden City work? (The Guardian 2019)

land use in the Chengdu-Chongqing region (Frontiers 2022)

The socio-economic system - can food stalls help boost the economy? (LA Times 2023)

Guiyang (China)

Beijing (China)

Guiyang (China)

Guiyang - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - Bureau of Ecology & Environment

Guiyang City use of forest resources (PR Newswire 2023)

Urban biodiversity action (ICLEI 2023)

The physical system - 

Guiyang's rapid hi-tech development (The Guardian 2017)

Smart City initiatives (PR Newswire 2022)

The socio-economic system - a review of the sustainable development process (Springer 2020)

Healthcare resources access (Springer 2023)

Hefei (China)

Guiyang (China)

Hefei - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Government investment and business working together (Japan Times 2022)

An emerging city in inland China (Science Direct 2018)

The ecological system - understanding the microbial system in a city (NIH 2023)

The physical system - the modernisation of Hefei (World Architecture 2014)

The socio-economic system - a tech cluster exemplifies China's vision (Yahoo / The Economist 2023)

Qingdao (China)

Qingdao - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - Nature-based Solutions in the city (Network Nature)

Coastal resilience challenges (C40)

The physical system - the 15-minute neighbourhood (JTLU 2023)

The socio-economic system - street vitality and Qingdao (MDPI 2023)

Sanya (China)

Sanya - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - embracing eco-tourism (EuroNews 2020)

The physical system - tracing the city's urban development (Science Direct 2022)

The socio-economic system - dealing with marine plastic waste (Brill 2023)

Is Sanya akin to Florida? (NY Times 2017)

Shanghai (China)

Shanghai (China)

Shanghai (China)

Shanghai - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

Earth observations showing change since 1984 (NASA)

The ecological system - evaluating efforts to build an urban eco-network (Frontiers 2021)

Plant communities and climate change (PLOS 2018)

The physical system - the urban environment of the city (2020)

The socio-economic system - 

Plans and achievements in environmental protection (NZCFS 2020)

The built environment & obesity (Science Direct 2022)

Wuhan (China)

Shanghai (China)

Shanghai (China)

Wuhan - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - the future of ecology in Wuhan (Science Direct 2022)

The physical system - role of the built environment in the COVID-19 recovery (Frontiers 2022)

street vitality and street built environment in historic areas (MDPI 2023)

The socio-economic system - the liveability of Wuhan (MDPI 2022)

Xi'an (China)

Shanghai (China)

Xi'an (China)

Xi'an - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - a socio-ecological green network framework (Springer 2020)

The physical system - 

Calculating an optimal green space (Science Direct 2023)

Water resources challenges (NIH 2016)

Adjusting to water deficiency (IWA)

A new green skyscraper is on the cards (Dezeen 2023)

The socio-economic system - 

A historical perspective (UNESCO)

Xiongan (China)

Xiongan - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - Green plans (Beijing Review 2022)

Green self-sufficiency plans (Tomorrow City 2020)

The physical system - continued development of "The City of the Future (Global Times 2023)

40 projects in Xiongan (GCR 2023)

The socio-economic system - Brave New World plans (Brookings 2018)

Hong Kong

Hong Kong - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - HK's biodiversity (WWF)

Saving HK's coral with terracotta tiles (The Guardian 2020)

The physical system - can artificial islands solve a housing crisis? (The Guardian 2019)

Climate change is making HK's housing crisis worse (Washington Post 2022)

Hong Kong's land sales challenges (The Guardian 2023)

The socio-economic system - socio-economic challenges viewed through a hawker market (Made in China 2022)

Young people's perceptions of Mainland China - HK convergence (Nature 2023)

Kyoto (Japan)

Kyoto (Japan)

Kyoto - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

Kyoto Resilience Strategy

The ecological system - Kyoto City on its sustainability efforts

A view from the WWF (2016)

Becoming a net-zero city (UNFCCC 2017)

The physical system - moving away from cars: the Walking City: Kyoto policy (2010)

Traditional town houses: present and future (MDPI 2022)

The socio-economic system - 

Possible changes to tourism? (The Guardian 2022)

Kobe (Japan)

Toyama (Japan)

Kyoto (Japan)

Kobe - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

Kobe 2025 Vision

Earthquake disaster risk before and after the 1995 earthquake (2004)

The physical system - 

Residential environments and disaster risk reduction (Science Direct 2023)

Lessons for public roads from the 1995 earthquake (US FHA 1995)

The socio-economic system - the sustainability of earthquake-damaged cities (IIKII 2019)

The battle over plastic (the Guardian 2019)

Tokyo (Japan)

Toyama (Japan)

Toyama (Japan)

Tokyo - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Metropolitan government website

Preparing for "the big one" in Tokyo (the Guardian 2019)

The ecological system - A more natural vision for an unnatural waterfront (Japan Times 2023)

The Tokyo Resilience Project

A biodiversity example (ICLEI 2023)

The physical system - How Tokyo became an anti-car paradise (Longreads 2023)

Characteristics of Tokyo's built environment (Architectural Record 2022)

The socio-economic system - 

Tokyo ranks 3rd in the Arcadis Sustainable Cities Index 2022 (WBC 2022)

Toyama (Japan)

Toyama (Japan)

Toyama (Japan)

Toyama - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

Toyama City SDGs Report (2018)

The ecological system - promoting eco-policies (Research Gate 2019)

The physical system - Creating a compact city (by the Mayor)

Promoting light rail in a small city (Taylor Francis 2022)

The socio-economic system - a city for an ageing population (ADS 2019)

Yokohama (Japan)

Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia)

Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia)

Yokohama - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

Yokohama's VLR SDGs Report (2021)

Yokohama's Climate Change Strategy (2020)

The ecological system - The Blue Carbon project

The physical system - 

Yokohama's renewable energy strategy (2020)

The socio-economic system - a shrinking built environment and socio-economics (Science Direct 2021)

Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia)

Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia)

Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia)

Ulaanbaatar - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - a new eco-district (UNA 2021)

The physical system - accessibility and inclusion in the built environment (AT2030)

The socio-economic system - Ger districts (Max Planck Institute 2019)

Seoul (South Korea)

Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia)

Songdo (South Korea)

Seoul - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - 

The restored Cheonggyecheon Stream (the Guardian 2016)

A garden bridge (the Guardian 2017)

The physical system - 

Seoul as a smart city (World Bank 2020)

The socio-economic system - 

The built environment and health (NIH 2019)

Neighbourhoods and social capital (ResearchGate 2016)

Songdo (South Korea)

Pyongyang (North Korea)

Songdo (South Korea)

Songdo - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

IBD website

Infrastructure design (Sage Journals 2021)

The ecological system - an urban system view of the Green City (UCL 2017)

The physical system - building a city from scratch (Arch Daily 2021)

Designing a sustainable city (UNC 2021)

Architectural review of Songdo (RTF)

The socio-economic system - the challenges of new cities and meeting your neighbours (Bloomberg 2018)

Pyongyang (North Korea)

Pyongyang (North Korea)

Pyongyang (North Korea)

Pyongyang - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

The ecological system - Greenery in Pyonyang (SNU)

The physical system - panoramas of the city (the Guardian 2019)

The socio-economic system - remaking the city (the Guardian 2015)

A glimpse of daily life (the Guardian 2018)

Taipei (Taiwan)

Pyongyang (North Korea)

Pyongyang (North Korea)

Taipei - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

New Tapei 2021 VLR

General profile (WCCF)

Taiwan's energy risks (Atlantic Council 2022)

The ecological system - an example of conservation & tourism (the Guardian 2022)

Taipei's journey towards net zero (ICLEI 2021)

The physical system - strategic planning for Tapei sponge city (ResearchGate 2018)

A Taiwanese company has developed a new e-scooter/moped (the BBC 2023)

The socio-economic system - socio-economic resilience in Tapei (Springer 2021)

Taiwan's approach to COVID-19 (the Guardian 2022)

South-eastern Asia

Phnom Penh (Cambodia)

Phnom Penh - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The Lake community (the Guardian 2022)

The ecological system - urban climate resilience (Frontiers 2023)

The physical system - Sustainable City Plan 2018-2030

The socio-economic system - informal settlements and participatory methods (Sage 2017)

Nusantara (Indonesia)

Nagara Rimba Nusa / Nusantara - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

A general overview (NY Times 2023)

A general overview (Future Southeast Asia 2023)

Seeking financing (the ABC 2023)

The ecological system - impact of the new city on the environment (Euronews 2023)

Will it be green? (Science 2022)

The physical system - building to begin in 2023 (Dezeen 2023)

The socio-economic system - attracting investors (Straits Times 2023)

Surabaya (Indonesia)

Surabaya - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - tackling plastic pollution (UN ESCAP 2018)

The physical system - resilience in the Kampung (ResearchGate 2018)

The socio-economic system - Surabaya Kampungs as part of the fabric (Habitat Studies 2017)

Land challenges (WRI 2019)

Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)

Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)

KL - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local Government website

City overview (UN ESCAP)

KL and Sustainability plans

The ecological system - urban nature (the nature of cities 2017)

Green cover and urban planning (Science Direct 2017)

The physical system - KL Structure Plan 2040 (C40 Cities 2021)

A viewpoint on urbanisation in KL (Borgen 2023)

International Finance District Masterplan (Sasaki)

An example new mixed development - TRX

The socio-economic system - low income profiles in KL (ResearchGate 2023)

The Last Malay Enclave in Kuala Lumpur (LSE 2023)

Melaka (Malaysia)

Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)

Putrajaya (Malaysia)

Melaka - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

2035 Strategic Plan

The ecological system - sustainability initiatives (Modern Diplomacy 2018)

Green cover and urban planning (Science Direct 2017)

The physical system - a UNESCO case study

A review of the shophouse design (Building Engineer 2021)

The socio-economic system - tourism targets for 2023 (NST 2023)

Putrajaya (Malaysia)

Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)

Putrajaya (Malaysia)

Putrajaya - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - one of the world's greenest cities (the BBC 2021)

The Garden City of Putrajaya (New Cities 2014)

The physical system - smart city blueprint

The socio-economic system - a sustainable development model (Smart City Journal)

Singapore

Nonthaburi (Thailand)

Bangkok (Thailand)

Singapore - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Singapore government website

The ecological system - creating a greener environment (Arch Daily 2022)

The Garden City vision from 1967

Singapore Green Plan 2030

The ABC Waters programme

TreesSG - the urban forest (National Parks)

Ecology example - Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park

The physical system - Green Buildings Masterplan

The socio-economic system - economic planning

Healthier SG (government initiative)

The Singapore Green Line (Bloomberg 2023)

Risk of transboundary haze in 2023 (Straits Times 2023)

How would 40°C weather affect daily life in Singapore? (CNA 2023)

Bangkok (Thailand)

Nonthaburi (Thailand)

Bangkok (Thailand)

Bangkok - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

Urban Living Labs (Urbanet 2022)

The ecological system - the greening of Bangkok (UNFCCC 2022)

The Green Bangkok 2030 Project (C40)

The Porous City Network

The physical system - 

The socio-economic system - livelihoods impacts on city expansion (Buildings & Cities 2022)

Bangkok challenges and solutions (Earth5r 2020)

Nonthaburi (Thailand)

Nonthaburi (Thailand)

Nonthaburi (Thailand)

Nonthaburi - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

Nonthaburi in 2030 (IGES 2021)

The ecological system - urban parks (Academia)

The physical system - Machine Learning Methods for Urban Types Classification (MDPI 2023)

The socio-economic system - envisaging low-carbon lifestyles (Hot or Cool 2021)

Transboundary haze problems (Bangkok Post 2023)

Hanoi (Vietnam)

Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam)

Nonthaburi (Thailand)

Hanoi - Wikipedia overview

A general paper about Hanoi

Governance - 

Hanoi planning (Vietnam Times 2022)

Capital Masterplan to 2030

The ecological system - urban development and environmental impacts (MDPI 2019)

The physical system - the built environment and travel options (MDPI 2020)

Self-built housing in Hanoi (University of Huddersfield 2017)

The socio-economic system - inter-generational self-help clubs (UAP)

Innovation in the city (Vietnam Times 2023)

Hoi An (Vietnam)

Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam)

Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam)

Hoi An - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

An overview by UNESCO

The ecological system - UNIDO support to become an eco-town (UNIDO)

The physical system - 

The socio-economic system - rural tourism development (HAL 2022)

The value of protecting tourism (Vietnam Times 2023)

Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam)

Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam)

Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam)

Ho Chi Minh City - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - climate change review (Frontiers 2022)

Flood precautions review (Copernicus 2022)

Flood risk framework (AGU 2022)

The physical system - redefining its skyline (the Guardian 2019)

HCMC Urban Planning Institute

The socio-economic system - socio-economic planning (Vietnam + 2022)

Learning from HCMC post-COVID-19 (USC 2023)

Southern Asia

Dhaka (Bangladesh)

Dhaka - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

North City government website

South City government website

The ecological system - 

flooding challenges (NIH 2023)

Town Watching Manual (C40 2018)

The physical system - how Dhaka transformed over 50 years (the Guardian 2021)

Smart City challenges (MDPI 2023)

The socio-economic system - densification of the city (Global Journals 2017)

Socio-cultural challenges (Science Direct 2018)

Chittagong (Bangladesh)

Chittagong - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

City government website

The ecological system - forest and landscape restoration (Science Direct 2023)

Disaster Risk Reduction (ResearchGate 2014)

The physical system - an architectural review (RTF)

Green infrastructure development (ResearchGate 2022)

The socio-economic system - socio-economics and traffic congestion (Science Direct 2022)

Amaravati (India)

Bangalore [Bengalaru] (India)

Amaravati - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

City government website

The Amaravati Masterplan (Foster & Partners)

Background to the Masterplan

Aspects of creating state capitals (EPW 2021)

A sustainable city? (CNN 2018)

The ecological system - climate resilience (CEEW 2019)

The physical system - agrarian urbanism (Sage Journals 2021)

The socio-economic system - combatting poor health (Times of India 2021)

Bangalore [Bengalaru] (India)

Bangalore [Bengalaru] (India)

Bangalore - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

City government website

A Sustainability Manifesto to 2030

Planning challenges (Deccan Herald 2018)

The ecological system - climate vulnerability (Citizen Matters 2022)

Why is the city now prone to floods? (Nature in focus 2022)

Heat stress: how soaring temperatures are taking their toll (the Guardian 2024)

The physical system - building designs and climate change (DH 2022)

The socio-economic system - data on city slums (Nature 2018)

Bareilly (India)

Bareilly - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

City government website

City Development Plan

The ecological system - environment conservation campaign (Times of India 2020)

The physical system - Smart City plans

The socio-economic system - a study of malnutrition in children (SBRH 2021)

Chennai [Madras] (India)

Chennai - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

City government website

Chennai Masterplan

The ecological system - Chennai flyways: managing bird populations (Sage Journals 2022)

The physical system - city design and physical activity levels (QUB 2016)

The socio-economic system - neighbourhood development and tackling obesity (Cities Health 2021)

Delhi (India)

Delhi - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

City government website

The ecological system - turning pollution into floor tiles (the BBC 2021)

An ecological overview (Urban Ecology)

Tackling air pollution (Brookings 2020)

The physical system - urban form and sustainability (Nature 2023)

Delhi's deadly dust (the Guardian 2017)

Measures to improve flood resilience (Down To Earth 2023)

The socio-economic system - urban quality of life (Springer 2021)

Seeing the climate crisis (the Guardian 2022)

Hyderabad (India)

Hyderabad - Wikipedia overview

A Disasters Avoided paper: tackling extreme heat

Governance - 

City government website

Improving citizen involvement (Indian Express 2023)

The ecological system - heat risks (Telengana Today 2023)

Telengana State Heatwave Action Plan 2021

Think Hazard overview - heat risks

Floods in future (Times of India 2020)

The physical system - 

The socio-economic system - the impact of urban sprawl (Springer 2022)

Kolkata [Calcutta] (India)

Kolkata - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

City government website

The ecological system - living urban systems (Sage Journals 2022)

Urbanisation and risks to Kolkata's wetlands (Al Jazeera 2023)

The miracle of Kolkata's wetlands (the Guardian 2016)

The physical system - the battle to save Kolkata's heritage (Al Jazeera 2019)

The socio-economic system - informal street vendors and local politics (Open Edition 2016)

Towards an inclusive city (ORF 2019)

Safe passages on the streets (Taylor & Francis 2022)

Mumbai [Bombay] (India)

Hulhumalé (the Maldives)

Mumbai - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

City government website

Governance solutions to informal housing (ArcGIS 2021)

The ecological system - climate change is stretching the city (The Atlantic 2022)

Population density and flooding risk: historical view (the Guardian 2016)

Adapting to flood risk (Science Direct 2022)

The physical system - balancing urbanisation and nature (Revolve 2021)

Restoring the city's stone markers (the Guardian 2020)

The socio-economic system - segregation & exclusion in Mumbai (Springer 2021)

Affordable housing challenges (CHA 2020)

Puducherry (India)

Hulhumalé (the Maldives)

Hulhumalé (the Maldives)

Puducherry - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

City government website

The ecological system - The Puducherry Climate Change Cell (CCC)

Microplastics & Puducherry's beaches (NIH 2019)

Coastal resilience lessons (the BBC 2021)

The physical system - 

Aspects of historic architecture (UAF 2021)

The socio-economic system - a study of fishermen (ResearchGate 2021)

Hulhumalé (the Maldives)

Hulhumalé (the Maldives)

Hulhumalé (the Maldives)

Hulhumalé - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

About Hulhumalé

A new island of hope (the BBC 2020)

A related project - Maldives Floating City

The ecological system - confronting climate change (GCA 2022)

The physical system - land reclamation choices (Science Direct 2023)

Further land being reclaimed (RTP 2023)

The socio-economic system - creating a Livability Index for Hulhumalé (UNDP Maldives 2023)

Kathmandu (Nepal)

Colombo (Sri Lanka)

Karachi (Pakistan)

Kathmandu - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

Trends in urban growth in Kathmandu Valley (ERA 2020)

The 2015 earthquake - lessons learned (ADRC 2016)

Rising from the 2015 earthquake (the Guardian 2020)

The ecological system - Kathmandu's air pollution levels (WHO)

Environmental inequalities (Frontiers 2022)

The physical system - a viewpoint on the city & infrastructure (British Council 2018)

Earthquake resilience for residential properties (17WCEE 2020)

The socio-economic system - a look-ahead of socio-economics (The Himalayan 2023)

Karachi (Pakistan)

Colombo (Sri Lanka)

Karachi (Pakistan)

Karachi - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - tree density and diversity in Karachi (Science Direct 2020)

Cooling Karachi with urban forests (the BBC 2021)

The challenges of dealing with disaster risk (the Guardian 2021)

The physical system - localness of the built form (ResearchGate 2023)

The built heritage in Karachi (JAABE 2020)

The socio-economic system - socio-economic factors affecting people's weight (Taylor & Francis 2022)

Colombo (Sri Lanka)

Colombo (Sri Lanka)

Colombo (Sri Lanka)

Colombo - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - using a Sustainable Asset Valuation in Colombo (IISD 2019)

The physical system - Sustainable Housing and Construction Roadmap 2020-2050 (Global ABC)

Heatproofing the city (GCU 2021)

The socio-economic system - enhancing socio-ecological resilience in urban wetlands (UNDP 2022)

State of Sri Lankan cities (inc Colombo) (UN-Habitat 2018)

Western Asia

Masdar (Abu Dhabi)

Masdar (Abu Dhabi)

Masdar (Abu Dhabi)

Masdar - Wikipedia overview

An article in WIRED (2023) about the new eco-city of Masdar

Governance - Masdar City website

The ecological system - eco-city principles

The physical system - clean energy

The socio-economic system - 

Youth 4 Sustainability

Yazd (Iran)

Masdar (Abu Dhabi)

Masdar (Abu Dhabi)

Yazd - Wikipedia overview

Focal point: learning from heritage 

- ancient wind-catchers

A general overview of the city

The ecological system - the ancient yakhchal

The physical system - the city's heritage

The socio-economic system - socio-economic classes and spatial planning

Journalism: a BBC article (August 2021) about the wind-catchers of Yadz

Amman (Jordan)

Masdar (Abu Dhabi)

Beirut (Lebanon)

Amman - Wikipedia overview

Focal point: an interview with UN-Habitat 

Governance - 

Local government website

VLR by the City (July 2022)

The ecological system - dealing with flooding

The physical system - Amman's spatial planning (by UN-Habitat and SECO)

The socio-economic system - urban social engagement (by GIZ, 2021)

Local government website

Journalism: general news (the Jordan Times)

Beirut (Lebanon)

Beirut (Lebanon)

Beirut - Wikipedia overview

Governance - Port of Beirut: inadequate governance in crisis & reconstruction

Governance - a multi-stakeholder approach

The physical system - trying to use solar power in the face of energy shortages

The socio-economic system - the risk of healthcare collapse in Lebanon (2022)

Consolidated page of pieces about the 2020 port explosion by The Guardian

The Beirut port explosion: three years on (the Guardian 2023)

Muscat (Oman)

Muscat - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - changing urban ecology (Sage 2020)

The physical system - the pedestrian revolution in Muscat (Springer 2020)

The socio-economic system - socio-economic impact (Muscat Daily 2022)

Doha (Qatar)

Doha - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Qatar government website

The ecological system - sustainable city development (Euronews 2023)

Doha EXPO 2023 - sustainability

The physical system - 

The Green Building lab (the Guardian 2012)

The walkable neighbourhood (RIBA)

Doha as a 15-minute city (Springer 2022)

The socio-economic system - economic development model (Springer 2023)

Earth NA (sustainable pathways for hot and arid environments)

Ar-Rayyan (Qatar)

NEOM (Saudi Arabia)

NEOM (Saudi Arabia)

Ar-Rayyan - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Government website

The ecological system - microbial ecology (Frontiers 2021)

The physical system - Masterplan strategy

The socio-economic system - learning strategy (UNESCO)

NEOM (Saudi Arabia)

NEOM (Saudi Arabia)

NEOM (Saudi Arabia)

NEOM - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Project website

The ecological system - green credentials (the BBC 2022)

An oil crisis failsafe? (Energy Monitor 2022)

The physical system - what is the Line? (The Conversation 2022)

The socio-economic system - sustainability & liveability claims (Dezeen 2022)

A blueprint for sustainability (Arabian Business 2022)

Planning challenges (Telegraph India 2023)

Gaziantep (Turkey)

NEOM (Saudi Arabia)

Gaziantep (Turkey)

Gaziantep - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

General urban consultation (UCLG)

The ecological system - designing urban spaces in balance with climate (Science Direct 2020)

Earthquake risk (Science Direct 2021)

The physical system - urban mobility (Civitas)

The socio-economic system - spatial strategies for historic centres (Ideas 2022)

Istanbul (Turkey)

Istanbul (Turkey)

Gaziantep (Turkey)

Istanbul - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - impact of infrastructure on the city's ecology (Frontiers 2021)

Urban Environmental Management (Scientific Research 2021)

Earthquake risk (Al-Monitor 2023)

The physical system - sustainable urban mobility (Science Direct 2020)

Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (Eltis 2022)

The socio-economic system - residential segregation in the 2000s (2021)

Challenging years ahead (Brookings 2023)

Dubai (UAE)

Istanbul (Turkey)

Dubai (UAE)

Dubai - Wikipedia overview

Governance - 

Local government website

The ecological system - pushing back encroaching deserts (the BBC 2022)

World's largest ocean restoration project (New Atlas 2023)

The physical system - 

The Sustainable City project (the World Bank 2022)

The socio-economic system - low-income migrants in Dubai (Developing Economics 2021)

Copyright © 2023 - 2025 Risk Insight Consulting - All Rights Reserved.

Powered by

  • Data & Information

This website uses cookies.

We use cookies to analyze website traffic and optimize your website experience. By accepting our use of cookies, your data will be aggregated with all other user data.

Accept